MPS, or Multiorgan Microphysiological Systems, are tools that have developed over time. They were first used to lessen the number of animal experiments and to enhance preclinical toxicity assessments. Their purpose has expanded, and they are now considered a step towards recreating human biology. The main objective is to create multicellular tissue models that accurately represent human physiology. If successful, these models could allow expensive clinical trials to be performed at a much lower cost. This goal is being approached by the field, although it has not been fully met. MPS are seen as one way to better understand biological processes without using animal models.

Multiorgan Microphysiological Systems have several possible uses. A primary goal is to reduce the reliance on animals for experiments. They may also act as a substitute model for studying the dangers of new environments, such as deep space exploration. Beyond this, MPS could provide information on the principles that control tissue homeostasis and repair. Another suggested application is for gaining a better understanding of how complex diseases emerge. These systems are being developed to model human biology more closely. The development of multicellular tissue models that reflect our physiology is the main aim. These systems offer a new way to study complex biological questions.

New models are required because metabolic and inflammatory disorders are increasing. This includes conditions such as autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. Many of these illnesses are not specific to one tissue. They are instead complex, systemic problems. Currently, the origin of these pathologies is often unknown, and no cure exists. This complexity makes it difficult to see the causal relationships between the factors that regulate how a disease progresses. Better models are needed to understand these systemic and complex conditions. Standard approaches have not provided complete answers for these widespread health issues.

Microphysiological systems (MPSs) are new technologies that are designed to copy human physiology. They present new possibilities for bringing clarity to systemic metabolic and inflammatory diseases. The benefit of MPSs is the ability to have controlled interaction between multiple systems. The biological complexity within these systems can also be scaled. When this is supported by continuous multiomic monitoring, it may become possible to identify new relationships. These relationships could be between interorgan communication, the body’s metabolism, and immunity. This approach is being evaluated to understand its prospects and difficulties. The goal is to find connections that are hidden by the complexity of the diseases.